The copper plates conducted heat rapidly to and from the bismuth telluride, thus maintaining the temperature difference.

铜片可以把热量迅速地传递到碲化铋上或从碲化铋上导出，这样就能保持气温差。

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They work because certain materials, such as bismuth telluride, generate an electrical potential difference within themselves if one part is hotter than another.

它们之所以能起作用是因为一般的材料，比如碲化铋，如果其中一部分比另一部分热，内部就会产生电位差。

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The second desideratum, of low thermal and high electrical conductivity, was achieved by dividing the bismuth telluride into pellets a few nanometres across.

第二个所愿望之物——低热量和高导电性，是通过将整个铋碲划分成几个纳米颗粒实现的。

youdao

The copper plates conducted heat rapidly to and from the bismuth telluride, thus maintaining the temperature difference.

ECONOMIST: Solar power

The second desideratum, of low thermal and high electrical conductivity, was achieved by dividing the bismuth telluride into pellets a few nanometres across.

ECONOMIST: Solar power

The third objective, efficient design, involved sandwiching the nanostructured bismuth telluride between two copper plates and then enclosing the upper plate (the one coated with the light-absorbing oxides) and the bismuth telluride in a vacuum.

ECONOMIST: Solar power